Limited vis nights (mist, haze, etc.) is certainly more challenging (i.e., more dangerous), but illum/moon-size/angle are no different or more/less of a concern.
Things are just more a little more blurry when it's rally dark out (more radio noise, sparkles, etc. but the ability to see every object in its entirety is still possible). I can see into dark shadows as well on a moonless night as I can with a full moon directly overhead.
The "illumination science" is 80% focused on unaided visual acuity. Once, you get to goggles, you learn about goggle acuity things... and it's more about similar day properties of vision because the darkness is removed from the equation (minus a few visual illusions specific to NVGs).